| Author | : Apostolia-Maria Tsimberidou,Razelle Kurzrock,Kenneth C. Anderson |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Release Date | : 2015-10-08 |
| ISBN 10 | : 1118468686 |
| Pages | : 320 pages |
Targeted Therapy in Translational Cancer Research for the Translational Oncology series provides a comprehensive overview of recent developments in our understanding of tumor biology, elucidates the roles of targets and pathways involved in carcinogenesis, and describes current state-of-the-art anticancer therapy, as well as the most promising areas of translational research and targeted therapy. Introduces cutting-edge ‘bench to bedside and back’ breakthroughs which have transformed the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of cancer Covers basic principles of targeted therapy, including immunotherapy and the roles of cancer stem cells, the microenvironment, angiogenesis, epigenetics, microRNAs, and functional imaging in precision medicine Summarises major advances in therapeutic management of hematologic malignancies and solid tumors using conventional therapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, or novel treatment modalities
| Author | : Alberto Lodola,Jeanne Stadler |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Release Date | : 2011-03-31 |
| ISBN 10 | : 0470922729 |
| Pages | : 280 pages |
This book describes, with references to key source materials, the background to, and conduct of, the principal nonclinical studies that are central to drug development. The chapters provide an understanding of the key components of the preclinical phase of drug development with a hands-on description, with core chapters addressing study conduct, types, and reporting. As such, it is a practical guide through toxicology testing and an up-to-date reference on current issues, new developments, and future directions in toxicology. Opening with a practical description of toxicology and its role in the development of pharmaceuticals, the book proceeds to detail international regulations (including the impact of the new REACH standards for chemical safety), interdisciplinary interactions among scientists in drug development, steps in toxicity testing, and risk management. Further, the book covers the methods of genetic toxicology (assays, genomics, in vivo screening) as a complement to “traditional” toxicology in the risk assessment and risk management of pharmaceuticals.
A new edition of one of Zola's lesser-known novels from the Rougon-Macquart Cycle Finding the young Angélique on their doorstep one Christmas Eve, the pious Hubert couple decide to bring her up as their own. As the girl grows up in the vicinity of the town's towering cathedral and learns her parents' trade of embroidery, she becomes increasingly fascinated by the lives of the saints, a passion fueled by her reading of the Golden Legend and other mystical Christian writings. One day love, in the shape of Félicien Hautecoeur, enters the dream world she has constructed around herself, bringing about upheaval and distress. Although it provides a detailed portrait of provincial 19th-century life and it adheres to a naturalist approach, The Dream eschews many of the characteristics of Zola's other novels of the Rougon-Macquart cycle—such as a pronounced polemical agenda or a gritty subject matter—offering instead a timeless, lyrical tale of love and innocence.
| Author | : Jan Willem van der Laan,Joseph J DeGeorge |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Release Date | : 2013-02-11 |
| ISBN 10 | : 1461459508 |
| Pages | : 315 pages |
This volume will consider one of ICH’s major categories, Safety i.e. topics relating to in vitro and in vivo pre-clinical studies (Carcinogenicity Testing, Genotoxicity Testing, etc.). Since the start of the ICH process, many guidelines have been written, but even after ICH6 no explanations have been given during a formal Congress about the background of the ICH Guidance documents. Even more important than what has been written, might have been those thoughts of the experts that are not included in the Guidance documents. Why has the guideline been written as it is written, and why have some aspects been deleted. These and other related questions are the contents of this book, written by experts who were involved in the ICH process. Furthermore, the chapters will contain discussions on the “lessons learnt” and “future developments”.
| Author | : Christian R. Abee,Keith Mansfield,Suzette D. Tardif,Timothy Morris |
| Publisher | : Academic Press |
| Release Date | : 2012-05-09 |
| ISBN 10 | : 0123978378 |
| Pages | : 536 pages |
The 2e of the gold standard text in the field, Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research provides a comprehensive, up-to-date review of the use of nonhuman primates in biomedical research. The Biology and Management volume provides basic information on the natural biology of nonhuman primates and the current state of knowledge regarding captive management. Each chapter contains an extensive list of bibliographic references, photographs, and graphic illustrations to provide the reader with a thorough review of the subject. Now in four color throughout, making the book more visually stimulating to enhance learning and ease of use Fully revised and updated, providing researchers with the most comprehensive review of the use of nonhuman primates in biomedical research Addresses commonly used nonhuman primate biomedical models, providing researchers with species-specific information
| Author | : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Release Date | : 2006-01-19 |
| ISBN 10 | : 9780309181990 |
| Pages | : 23 pages |
Science, Medicine, and Animals explains the role that animals play in biomedical research and the ways in which scientists, governments, and citizens have tried to balance the experimental use of animals with a concern for all living creatures. An accompanying Teacher’s Guide is available to help teachers of middle and high school students use Science, Medicine, and Animals in the classroom. As students examine the issues in Science, Medicine, and Animals, they will gain a greater understanding of the goals of biomedical research and the real-world practice of the scientific method in general. Science, Medicine, and Animals and the Teacher’s Guide were written by the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research and published by the National Research Council of the National Academies. The report was reviewed by a committee made up of experts and scholars with diverse perspectives, including members of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Institutes of Health, the Humane Society of the United States, and the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. The Teacher’s Guide was reviewed by members of the National Academies’ Teacher Associates Network. Science, Medicine, and Animals is recommended by the National Science Teacher’s Association NSTA Recommends.
| Author | : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Clinical Research Involving Children |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Release Date | : 2004-07-09 |
| ISBN 10 | : 9780309133388 |
| Pages | : 445 pages |
In recent decades, advances in biomedical research have helped save or lengthen the lives of children around the world. With improved therapies, child and adolescent mortality rates have decreased significantly in the last half century. Despite these advances, pediatricians and others argue that children have not shared equally with adults in biomedical advances. Even though we want children to benefit from the dramatic and accelerating rate of progress in medical care that has been fueled by scientific research, we do not want to place children at risk of being harmed by participating in clinical studies. Ethical Conduct of Clinical Research Involving Children considers the necessities and challenges of this type of research and reviews the ethical and legal standards for conducting it. It also considers problems with the interpretation and application of these standards and conduct, concluding that while children should not be excluded from potentially beneficial clinical studies, some research that is ethically permissible for adults is not acceptable for children, who usually do not have the legal capacity or maturity to make informed decisions about research participation. The book looks at the need for appropriate pediatric expertise at all stages of the design, review, and conduct of a research project to effectively implement policies to protect children. It argues persuasively that a robust system for protecting human research participants in general is a necessary foundation for protecting child research participants in particular.
| Author | : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Strategies for Small-Number-Participant Clinical Research Trials |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Release Date | : 2001-01-01 |
| ISBN 10 | : 9780309171144 |
| Pages | : 222 pages |
Clinical trials are used to elucidate the most appropriate preventive, diagnostic, or treatment options for individuals with a given medical condition. Perhaps the most essential feature of a clinical trial is that it aims to use results based on a limited sample of research participants to see if the intervention is safe and effective or if it is comparable to a comparison treatment. Sample size is a crucial component of any clinical trial. A trial with a small number of research participants is more prone to variability and carries a considerable risk of failing to demonstrate the effectiveness of a given intervention when one really is present. This may occur in phase I (safety and pharmacologic profiles), II (pilot efficacy evaluation), and III (extensive assessment of safety and efficacy) trials. Although phase I and II studies may have smaller sample sizes, they usually have adequate statistical power, which is the committee's definition of a "large" trial. Sometimes a trial with eight participants may have adequate statistical power, statistical power being the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when the hypothesis is false. Small Clinical Trials assesses the current methodologies and the appropriate situations for the conduct of clinical trials with small sample sizes. This report assesses the published literature on various strategies such as (1) meta-analysis to combine disparate information from several studies including Bayesian techniques as in the confidence profile method and (2) other alternatives such as assessing therapeutic results in a single treated population (e.g., astronauts) by sequentially measuring whether the intervention is falling above or below a preestablished probability outcome range and meeting predesigned specifications as opposed to incremental improvement.
| Author | : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Board on Global Health,Committee on Clinical Trials During the 2014-2015 Ebola Outbreak |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Release Date | : 2017-07-26 |
| ISBN 10 | : 0309457769 |
| Pages | : 342 pages |
The 2014â€"2015 Ebola epidemic in western Africa was the longest and most deadly Ebola epidemic in history, resulting in 28,616 cases and 11,310 deaths in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. The Ebola virus has been known since 1976, when two separate outbreaks were identified in the Democratic Republic of Congo (then Zaire) and South Sudan (then Sudan). However, because all Ebola outbreaks prior to that in West Africa in 2014â€"2015 were relatively isolated and of short duration, little was known about how to best manage patients to improve survival, and there were no approved therapeutics or vaccines. When the World Heath Organization declared the 2014-2015 epidemic a public health emergency of international concern in August 2014, several teams began conducting formal clinical trials in the Ebola affected countries during the outbreak. Integrating Clinical Research into Epidemic Response: The Ebola Experience assesses the value of the clinical trials held during the 2014â€"2015 epidemic and makes recommendations about how the conduct of trials could be improved in the context of a future international emerging or re-emerging infectious disease events.
| Author | : Ronald D. Hood,Ronald D Hood |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Release Date | : 2005-08-30 |
| ISBN 10 | : 1420040545 |
| Pages | : 1168 pages |
Completely revised and updated, Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology: A Practical Approach, Second Edition draws together valuable information typically scattered throughout the literature, plus some not previously published, into one complete resource. In addition to the traditional aspects of developmental toxicity testing, the book covers evaluating and interpreting data. Originally titled Handbook of Developmental Toxicology, the second edition's new name reflects significant changes in its content and scope. New coverage in the Second Edition: Genomics and proteomics Tests for endocrine disruptors Testing for male and female reproductive toxicity Extensive treatment of the significance, reliability, and interpretation of developmental and reproductive toxicity data Toxicity testing in neonatal and juvenile animals Postnatal developmental milestones FDA perspective on risk assessment Extensive glossaries of developmental defect terminology Previous books on this subject have largely been academically oriented and not intended to guide the practicing developmental or reproductive toxicologist. Useful and informative, this book blends the theoretical foundation with insights gained from hands-on experience. It includes tables of comparative developmental milestones - both pre- and postnatal, glossaries of descriptive terms used in developmental toxicity evaluation, and both US and international regulatory guidelines. Bridging the gap between theory and application, this is a handy single-source of essential information to use in planning, conducting, and interpreting studies.
| Author | : Rebecca Sheets |
| Publisher | : Academic Press |
| Release Date | : 2017-12-13 |
| ISBN 10 | : 0128094435 |
| Pages | : 450 pages |
Fundamentals of Biologicals Regulation: Vaccines and Biotechnology Medicines serves as an introduction to the international regulatory arena in which biologicals are developed and offers an overview of the processes and insight into the scientific concepts underpinning global regulations. This book will provide multiple levels of readership with guidance on basic concepts, a detailed look at regulatory challenges, and practical insight into how regulators consider regulatory science and regulatory process issues across various regions. With numerous case studies, learning activities, and real-world examples across several classes of biotechnological products, this book is a valuable and comprehensive resource for graduate students, professors, regulatory officials, and industry scientists working with biologicals. Provides a broad overview and introduction to the regulatory processes, from product development pathways, through clinical trials and product development stages and beyond Includes FDA, EMA, ICH, and WHO recommendations and guidelines so readers can compare and contrast the different regulatory regions with their expectations and understand why they are different Contains chapters on some of the exceptions to the process including how biosimilars and in vitro diagnostics are regulated Includes numerous case studies, learning activities, and real-world examples across several classes of biotechnological products
| Author | : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Release Date | : 2014-02-06 |
| ISBN 10 | : 0309292492 |
| Pages | : 118 pages |
Improving and Accelerating Therapeutic Development for Nervous System Disorders is the summary of a workshop convened by the IOM Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders to examine opportunities to accelerate early phases of drug development for nervous system drug discovery. Workshop participants discussed challenges in neuroscience research for enabling faster entry of potential treatments into first-in-human trials, explored how new and emerging tools and technologies may improve the efficiency of research, and considered mechanisms to facilitate a more effective and efficient development pipeline. There are several challenges to the current drug development pipeline for nervous system disorders. The fundamental etiology and pathophysiology of many nervous system disorders are unknown and the brain is inaccessible to study, making it difficult to develop accurate models. Patient heterogeneity is high, disease pathology can occur years to decades before becoming clinically apparent, and diagnostic and treatment biomarkers are lacking. In addition, the lack of validated targets, limitations related to the predictive validity of animal models - the extent to which the model predicts clinical efficacy - and regulatory barriers can also impede translation and drug development for nervous system disorders. Improving and Accelerating Therapeutic Development for Nervous System Disorders identifies avenues for moving directly from cellular models to human trials, minimizing the need for animal models to test efficacy, and discusses the potential benefits and risks of such an approach. This report is a timely discussion of opportunities to improve early drug development with a focus toward preclinical trials.